Annie E Dawkins

Alfred married Elizabeth Smith. Elizabeth (daughter of Samuel Smith and Margaret Peggy Hutchinson) was born on 8 Jan 1826 in , Anson, North Carolina, USA; died on 4 Apr 1919 in Lilesville, Anson, North Carolina, USA; was buried on 5 Apr 1919 in , Anson, North Carolina, USA. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Residence: 1910, Lilesville, Anson, North Carolina, USA; Marital Status: WidowedRelation to Head of House: Mother

Other Events and Attributes:

• Residence: 1820, Clark, Anson, North Carolina, USA
• Residence: 1830, , Anson, North Carolina, USA
• Residence: 1840, , Anson, North Carolina, USA
• Residence: 1850, Meltonsville, Anson, North Carolina, USA
• Residence: 1860, Morven, Anson, North Carolina, USA
• Residence: 1870, Lilesville, Anson, North Carolina, USA; Post Office: Wadesboro

Samuel married Margaret Peggy Hutchinson on 24 Mar 1816 in , Anson, North Carolina, USA. Margaret was born in 1795 in , Anson, North Carolina, USA; died in 1875 in Lilesville, Anson, North Carolina, USA. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Residence: 1850, Meltonsville, Anson, North Carolina, USA
• Residence: 1860, Morven, Anson, North Carolina, USA
• Residence: 1870, Lilesville, Anson, North Carolina, USA; Post Office: Wadesboro

Other Events and Attributes:

• Residence: 1780, , Anson, North Carolina, USA

Notes:

John Smith (1740-circa 1803) moved to Anson County and settled near Lilesville on a creek now named for him: “Smith Creek”. Smith's creek is a tributary of the Pee Dee river and currently empties into Blewett Falls Lake. The lake is reservoir formed by Blewett Falls Dam. He married Mary Flake (cir.1748-cir.1794), daughter of Samuel Flake and his first wife. In 1771, he was recorded as a Regulator who fought in the Battle of Alamance. He was a Regulator from 1767-1771, a signer of the Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence (a forerunner of the Declaration of Independence at Philadelphia in 1776). He believed that
opposition to tyrants was in obedience to God. In the Revolutionary War (1775), John volunteered in the Continental Army of the Province of North Carolina, a member of Captain John Allen’s Company, 2nd N.C. Regiment. John served in the struggle for freedom and independence for the thirteen colonies. Anson County records show that
John and Mary had eight children:

Thomas Smith (1768)…married Jane Goff
John Smith (1770)…married Mary Bellew
James Smith (1777)…married Mary Gathings
Sarah Smith(1778)…married George Lindsay
Eli Smith (1778)…married Sarah “Sallie” Hicks
Samuel Smith (1780)…married Peggy Hutchinson
Jesse Smith (1780)…married Mary Seago
Mary Smith…never married. No date available.


War of the Regulation

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The War of the Regulation (or the Regulator Movement) was a North Carolina uprising, lasting from approximately 1764 to 1771, where citizens took up arms against corrupt colonial officials. While unsuccessful, some historians consider it a catalyst to the American Revolutionary War.
Contents

1 Causes
2 Regulators
3 Opposition
4 Events
4.1 Breaking up the court
4.2 War
5 Aftermath
6 Further reading
7 See also
8 References

Causes

In 1764, several thousand people from North Carolina, mainly from Orange, Anson, and Granville counties in the western region, were extremely dissatisfied with the wealthy North Carolina officials, whom they considered cruel, arbitrary, tyrannical and corrupt. Taxes were collected by local sheriffs supported by the courts; the sheriffs and courts had sole control over their local regions. Many of the officers were deemed to be very greedy and often would band together with other local officials for their own personal gain. The entire system depended on the integrity of local officials, many of whom engaged in extortion; taxes collected often enriched the tax collectors directly. At times, sheriffs would intentionally remove records of their tax collection in order to further tax citizens. The system was endorsed by the colonial governor, who feared losing the support of the various county officials. The effort to eliminate this system of government became known as the Regulator uprising, War of the Regulation, or the Regulator War. The most heavily affected areas were said to be that of Rowan, Anson, Orange, Granville, and Cumberland counties. It was a struggle between mostly lower class citizens, who made up the majority of the population of North Carolina, and the wealthy ruling class, who comprised about 5% of the population, yet maintained almost total control of the government.

The primary aim of the Regulators was to form an honest government and reduce taxation. The wealthy businessmen/politicians that ruled North Carolina at this point, saw this as a grave threat to their power. Ultimately they brought in militia to crush the rebellion, and then hung their leaders. It is estimated that out of the 8,000 people living in Orange County at the time, some six or seven thousand of them were in support of the Regulators.

Although the "War of the Regulators" is considered by some to be one of the first acts of the American Revolutionary War, it was waged against corrupt local officials and not against the king or crown. In reality, many anti-Regulators went on to become Patriots during the American Revolution, such as William Hooper, James Robertson, and Francis Nash, and many other Regulators became Loyalists.
Regulators

Herman Husband became one of the unofficial leaders of the Regulators. Husband was originally from Maryland, born into a Quaker family. One of the major flaws in Husband's campaign was that he tried to invite good relations with the eastern regions of North Carolina, mostly unaffected by local sheriffs. Husband retained very little control over the group of Regulators, which generally went against his policies of winning over public sentiment by committing acts of minor violence at regular intervals.

Another leader of the Regulators was James Hunter. He refused to take control of the Regulators after Husband's departure before the Battle of Alamance.

Captain Benjamin Merrill had about 300 men under his control and would have assumed control over military leadership after James Hunter, but he was unable to serve in the Battle of Alamance.
Opposition

Governor Arthur Dobbs, who authored popular works at the time such as "Trade and Improvement of H'elend" and "Captain Middleton's Defense," served as the Royal Governor of North Carolina until his death in 1765.

Governor William Tryon assumed the position following the death of Governor Dobbs. Tryon had an extremely lavish home built in 1770 in New Bern (now known as Tryon Palace), which became one of the main points of resentment for the Regulators, who were already paying substantial taxes. William (The Regulator) Butler was quoted as saying "We are determined not to pay the Tax for the next three years, for the Edifice or Governor's House, nor will we pay for it."

Governor Josiah Martin succeeded Governor Tryon in office just after the end of the rebellion. His policies eased the burden on former Regulators and allowed them to be assimilated back into society.

Edmund Fanning was the main opposition to the Regulators. He graduated from Yale University, and he was generally regarded by his friends as well disciplined and firm. He held many political offices in Orange County. He was found guilty of embezzling money (along with Francis Nash) but was fined a minuscule amount.
EventsBreaking up the court

North Carolina's colonial court met in Hillsborough. In 1768, the Regulators entered Hillsborough, broke up the court, and dragged those they saw as corrupt officials through the streets.[1] They cracked the church bell of the Church of England, but stopped short of looting the church further due to their religious beliefs.[1]
War

While small acts of violence had been taking place for some time, mainly out of resentment, the first organized conflict was in Mecklenburg County in 1765. Settlers in the region, who were there illegally, forced away surveyors of the region assigned with designating land. Minor clashes followed for the next several years in almost every western county, but the only true battle of the war was the Battle of Alamance on May 16, 1771.

The governor and his forces which numbered just over 1,000, with roughly 150 officers, arrived at Hillsborough on May 9. At the same time, General Hugh Waddell, supporting Governor Tryon, en route with his contingent of 236 men was met by a large contingent of Regulators. Realizing his force was outnumbered, he fell back to Salisbury. On May 11, having received word of the retreat from a messenger, Tryon sent the force to support General Waddell. He intentionally chose a path that would lead his forces through Regulator territory. He made strict mention that nothing was to be looted or damaged. By May 14, his troops had reached Alamance and set up a camp. Leaving about 70 men behind to guard the position, he moved the remainder of his force, slightly under 1,000 men, to find the Regulators. About 10 miles (16 km) away, a force of approximately 2,000 Regulators (by some accounts, 6,000)[1] without any clear leadership or supplies was gathered mainly as a display of force, and not a standing army. The general Regulator strategy was to scare the governor with a show of superior numbers in order to force the governor to give in to their demands. The first clash of the battle was on May 15 when a rogue band of Regulators had captured two of the governor's militia soldiers. Governor Tryon had informed the Regulators that they were displaying open arms and rebellion and that action was to be taken if they did not disperse. The Regulators did not understand the severity of the crisis they were in and ignored the warning. Despite hesitation from his own forces, Governor Tryon allegedly initiated the main battle of Alamance on May 16 by shooting Robert Thompson, who was the first death of the battle. The Regulators resistance crumbled somewhat quickly. Captain Merrill, a Regulator, was supposed to arrive on the battlefield but was delayed. The battle was over with nine deaths for the governor's forces and about the same for the Regulators. Virtually everyone captured in the battle was fully pardoned in exchange for an allegiance to the crown; however, seven Regulators were executed for their part in the uprising.
Aftermath

Following the battle, Tryon's militia army traveled through Regulator territory where he had Regulators and Regulator sympathizers sign loyalty oaths and destroyed the properties of the most active Regulators. He also raised taxes to pay for his militia's defeat of the Regulators.[1]

Several trials were held after the war, resulting in the hanging of six Regulators at Hillsborough on June 19, 1771. Many of the main leaders remained in hiding until 1772, when they were no longer considered outlaws.

Many Regulators moved further west into places such as Tennessee, notably establishing both the Watauga Association at Sycamore Shoals (1772) in present day Elizabethton, Tennessee, the first independent white republic on American soil, and the State of Franklin (1784), another short-lived republic that failed to join the Union of the United States.

The Regulators are important characters in Jimmy Carter's historical novel The Hornet's Nest (2003).
Further reading

Gross, David (ed.) We Won’t Pay!: A Tax Resistance Reader ISBN 1434898253 pp. 77-79
Hamilton, Jon Jay. Herman Husband: Penman of the Regulation. Graduate thesis. Wake Forest University, 1969.
Kars, Marjoleine. Breaking Loose Together: The Regulator Rebellion in Pre-Revolutionary North Carolina. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002.
Kay, Marvin L. M. "The North Carolina Regulation, 1766-1776: A Class Conflict." In The American Revolution: Explorations in the History of American Radicalism, edited by Alfred F. Young. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1976.
Kay, Marvin L. M., and Lorin Lee Cary. "Class, Mobility, and Conflict in North Carolina on the Eve of the Revolution." In The Southern Experience in the American Revolution, edited by Jeffrey J. Crow and Larry E. Tise. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1978.
Powell, William S., James K. Huhta, and Thomas J. Farnham (eds). The Regulators in North Carolina: A Documentary History. Raleigh: State Dept. of Archives and History, 1971.
Walker, James Loy. The Regulator Movement: Sectional Controversy in North Carolina, 1765-1771. Graduate thesis. Louisiana State University, 1962.
Whittenburg, James Penn. Backwoods Revolutionaries: Social Context and Constitutional Theories of the North Carolina Regulators, 1765-1771. Graduate thesis. University of Georgia, 1974.
Zinn, Howard "A People's History Of The United States: 1492-Present" Harper-Perennial, 2003.

John married Mary Flake in 1766 in Lilesville, Anson, North Carolina, USA. Mary was born in 1748 in Lilesville, Anson, North Carolina, USA; died in 1794 in Lilesville, Anson, North Carolina, USA. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Family Tree Book; Genealogical and Biographical, Listing the Relatives of General William Smith and of W Thomas Smith

By William Alexander Smith Publisher: Published by the author Publication date: 1922

502 (See 902) -501B-C-John Smith No. 5. son of Samuel Smith Sr., and Elizabeth Cartlitch, born 1719, about 1735 emigrated to Virginia and shortly afterwards plunged into the forests where few white men and many Indians lived, and settled in what was then Bertie County, N. C, but territory which later became Johnson County, and in 1770 became Wake County NC, and there lived the life of a farmer. He perhaps
married about 1739, as his son, John Smith, whom we shall hereafter speak of as John Smith No 2, was born in 1740. We know he was a grandson Thomas Smith Sr. and his wife Fortune Collin, and that he used the same Coat of Arms as is described in paragraph 900, and which was granted to all the "male issue alike of Thomas Smith Sr., deceased, of Nottingham and Gaddesby" when granted to Thomas Smith Jr. in 1717, as representative of his father's family. John Smith No. 2 born in 1740, married Mary Flake.-503-

-502-John Smith No. 2, born in territory now known as Wake County, NC, in 1740, at an early date emigrated to Anson County, NC, and located near Lilesville, NC. on Smith's Creek, it taking its name from him. He married Mary Flake, the daughter of Samuel Flake by his first wife. See Flake Table-301-A- Children:
(A) Thomas Smith, born 1768, died after 1 820, married Jane Goff.-504- (B) John Smith No. 3, born 1770, married Mary Bellew. (also spelled Bellyew)-600-
(C) Eli Smith No. 1 , married Sarah (Sallie) Hicks.-710-
(D) Samuel Smith, married Margaret (Peggy Hutchinson.-750-
(E) James Smith, married Mary Gathings.- 550-
(F) Jessie Smith, married Mary Seago.-700-
(G) Sarah Smith, married George Lindsay. - 711-
(H) Mary Smith, born,lived,died in Anson County NC, single.
504 (See 912)
-503-A-

Thomas Smith was born near Lilesville, N. C, lived and died there. Jane Goff lived and died there. We know nothing of her ancestry. 


John married Jane Bondurant in 1739. Jane (daughter of John Peter (Jean Pierre) Bondurant and Martha Ellen Dodd) was born in 1725 in , Bedford, Virginia, USA; died on 18 Oct 1834 in , Anson, North Carolina, USA. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Residence: 1716, London, London, England

Notes:

Samuel Smith

Family Tree Book; Genealogical and Biographical, Listing the Relatives of General William Smith and of W Thomas Smith

By William Alexander Smith
Publication date: 1922

501 B -500-E- Samuel Smith Sr., third son of Thomas Smith Sr., born about 1684, was left by his father the lands at Keyworth. We do not know whether or not this estate was located in Hertforshire, but are of the opinion that it was or that his wife's people lived in Hereford County, as there is a tradition that his son, John Smith, the Emigrant to America, was born in Hertford County. He sold his lands and moved to London and was there a merchant (Goldsmith). He was afterwards known as Samuel Smith, of Gaddesby, Leices- ter County He probably came into possession of this estate after the death of his brother, Thomas Smith Jr., with whom he had business dealings and to whom he was indebted in the sum of 4,000 pounds at his death in 1 727. He first started to loaning money in London in partnership with his brother,
Thomas Smith Jr., who ran the Nottingham end of it. After the death of Thomas Smith Jr. in 1727, this end in London was taken over by the younger brother, Abel Smith Sr. , and from this came Smith and Payne, and then Smith, Payne, and Smith, now one of the large Banks of London. Samuel Smith Sr. died intestate in London in 1751, and when his estate was wound up, it was found then to be practically all personal property, and when divided among his six surviving children, each received as much as 40,000 pounds, so says Harry Tucker Easton in his book, "The History of A Banking House (Smith, Payne, and Smiths). We suspect that an error was made and it should have been 4,000 pounds, as six times that or 24,000 pounds or $120,000.00, was a large fortune in that day. Gen. Smith, who knows more than we of English
traditions, thinks 40,000 pounds is correct. Samuel Smith Sr. married Elizabeth Cartlitch, the daughter of John Cartlitch. Of the children born to Samuel Smith Sr. and Elizabeth Cartlitch we only know of the following:

(A) John Smith No. 4, born 1716, died 1717.
(B) Anne Smith, born 1718.
(C) John Smith No. 5, born 1719, who perhaps ran away from home, came to America about 1735, and to whom we shall hereafter refer as John Smith, No. 1 , the Emigrant to America. -502-
(D) Thomas Smith No. 3, of Nottingham and Keyworth, born 1720, died 1765, married Dorothy Lister.
(E) Samuel Smith Jr., born 1722, died 1789, married Elizabeth Watson.

There were evidently more children, as six shared in the division of the estate in 1751; One of the above five had died in infancy. We have some doubt as to whether or not John Smith No. 5, the Emigrant to America, had kept in
correspondence with his parents, and we suspect that the estate was settled up without his ever sharing in it. The only reason for this presumption is that English historians do not seem to know anything of him after his birth in 1719. We shall give more of the history of book.

(901) To those who wish more data, you can find considerable in Burke's Landed Gentry under the titles as follows: "Smith of Woodhall Park, Smith of Goldings, Smith of Bramcote, Smith of Duffield, Smith of Wilford House, Smith of Shottesbroke Park, Smith of Midhurst, Smith of Mount Clare and Dorrien-Smith of Tresco Abbey." Also in Burke's
1921 Edition of Peerage and Baronetage, page 1378 "The Marquis of Linconshire," Sir Charles Carrington, whose ancestor Robert Smith took the name of Carrington on being elevated to peerage; page 2297, Sir Maurice Bromley-Wilson, whose ancestor took the name of Bromley upon being elevated to peerage and subsequently it was changed to Bromley-Wilson ; also page 2049, Earl Stanhope, whose ancestor the 4th Lord Stanhope married Catherine Smith.

These books can be found in nearly all of the larger libraries in large cities. Burke's Tables do not profess to be complete, or more than a skeleton sufficient to connect the now living with the early ancestors and give their branches. It is inaccurate in that it gives Thomas Smith Sr. as the son of John Smith and Frances Wilcocke, when in fact he was the son of John Smith by Elizabeth Garton, the first wife. He only mentions three children of Samuel Smith Sr. when in fact he had as many as seven. A more complete and correct Genealogical Table can be found in "The Smith Family" by Compton Reade, with some other information.

"History of A Banking House (Smith, Payne, and Smiths)"
byHarry Tucker Easton, published in 1903, also gives us some interesting information. The data in these books was taken largely from a book entitled "Stemmata Smithiana Ferraria", compiled by John Augustus Smith in 1865. These words translated mean: "A True, Faithful History of the
Smith Family," He was a great grandson of Samuel Smith Sr. and Elizabeth Cartlitch. We will refer to him in the historical part of
the book. (901)


Samuel Smith and Business

Source: "The History of a Banking House (Smith, Payne, & Smith)" by Harry Tucker Easton

"Samuel Smith, Sr., third son of Thomas Smith, Sr., born about 1684, was left by his father the lands at Keyworth. We do not know whether or not this estate was located at Hertfordshire, but are of the opinion that it was or that his wife's people lived in Hereford County, as there is a tradition that his son, John Smith, the emigrant to America, was born in Herford County. He sold his lands and moved to London and was there a merchant (Goldsmith). He was afterwards known as Samuel Smith of Gaddesby, Leicester County. He probably came into possession of this estate after the death of his brother, Thomas Smith, Jr., with whom he had business dealings and to whom he was indebted in the sum of 4,000 pounds at his death in 1727. He first started loaning money in London in partnership with his brother, Thomas Smith, Jr., who ran the Nottingham end of it. After the death of Thomas in 1727, the end in London was taken over by the younger brother, Abel Smith, Sr., and from this came Smith, Payne, and Smith, now one of the largest banks of London. Samuel Smith, Sr., died intestate in London in 1751, and when his estate was wound up, it was found then to be practically all personal property, and when divided among his six surviving children, each received as much as 40,000 pounds."

Samuel married Elizabeth Cartlitch on 10 May 1716 in Saint Pauls Cathedral, London, England. Elizabeth was born in 1684 in London, London, England; died in 1746 in London, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Name: Elizabeth Carthitch
• Residence: 1716, London, London, England

John married Martha Ellen Dodd. Martha was born in 1709 in , , Virginia, USA; died in 1734 in , , Virginia, USA. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]