John Smith^[1]

1740 - 1782  (42 years)

• Name	John Smith  [2]
  Birth	1740	, Wake, North Carolina, USA   [2, 3, 4]
  Gender	Male
  Residence	1780	, Anson, North Carolina, USA   [5, 6]
  Death	1782	, Anson, North Carolina, USA   [2, 3, 4]
  Person ID	I516	Master
  Last Modified	23 Feb 2017

  
  

  Father	John Smith,   b. 1719, , Norfolk, England d. 1780, , Wake, North Carolina, USA (Age 61 years)
  Mother	Jane Bondurant,   b. 1725, , Bedford, Virginia, USA d. 18 Oct 1834, , Anson, North Carolina, USA (Age 109 years)
  Marriage	1739  [7]
  Family ID	F4013	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

  
  

  Family	Mary Flake,   b. 1748, Lilesville, Anson, North Carolina, USA d. 1794, Lilesville, Anson, North Carolina, USA (Age 46 years)
  Marriage	1766	Lilesville, Anson, North Carolina, USA
  Children	+ 1. Thomas Smith,   b. 1768, Lilesville, Anson, North Carolina, USA d. 1820, Lilesville, Anson, North Carolina, USA (Age 52 years) + 2. John Smith,   b. 1772, Lilesville, Anson, North Carolina, USA d. 2 Oct 1854, , Anson, North Carolina, USA (Age 82 years) + 3. James E Smith,   b. 19 Oct 1776, Lilesville, Anson, North Carolina, USA d. 22 May 1852, , Anson, North Carolina, USA (Age 75 years)  [Father: natural]   4. Eli Smith,   b. 1778, , Anson, North Carolina, USA d. 1835 (Age 57 years)  [Father: natural] + 5. Sarah Smith,   b. 1779, , Anson, North Carolina, USA d. 1818 (Age 39 years)  [Father: natural] + 6. Jessie Smith,   b. 1780, Lilesville, Anson, North Carolina, USA d. 16 Apr 1818, Lilesville, Anson, North Carolina, USA (Age 38 years)  [Father: natural]   7. Mary Smith,   b. 1782, , Anson, North Carolina, USA d. 1834, , Anson, North Carolina, USA (Age 52 years)  [Father: natural] + 8. Samuel Smith,   b. 1783, , Anson, North Carolina, USA d. 1873, , Anson, North Carolina, USA (Age 90 years)  [Father: natural]
  Family ID	F6879	Group Sheet  |  Family Chart
  Last Modified	30 Jan 2017

  
  

• Event Map		Birth - 1740 - , Wake, North Carolina, USA Marriage - 1766 - Lilesville, Anson, North Carolina, USA Residence - 1780 - , Anson, North Carolina, USA Death - 1782 - , Anson, North Carolina, USA  = Link to Google Earth
  Pin Legend	: Address       : Location       : City/Town       : County/Shire       : State/Province       : Country       : Not Set

  
  

• Notes

  John Smith (1740-circa 1803) moved to Anson County and settled near Lilesville on a creek now named for him: “Smith Creek”. Smith's creek is a tributary of the Pee Dee river and currently empties into Blewett Falls Lake. The lake is reservoir formed by Blewett Falls Dam. He married Mary Flake (cir.1748-cir.1794), daughter of Samuel Flake and his first wife. In 1771, he was recorded as a Regulator who fought in the Battle of Alamance. He was a Regulator from 1767-1771, a signer of the Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence (a forerunner of the Declaration of Independence at Philadelphia in 1776). He believed that opposition to tyrants was in obedience to God. In the Revolutionary War (1775), John volunteered in the Continental Army of the Province of North Carolina, a member of Captain John Allen’s Company, 2nd N.C. Regiment. John served in the struggle for freedom and independence for the thirteen colonies. Anson County records show that John and Mary had eight children: Thomas Smith (1768)…married Jane Goff John Smith (1770)…married Mary Bellew James Smith (1777)…married Mary Gathings Sarah Smith(1778)…married George Lindsay Eli Smith (1778)…married Sarah “Sallie” Hicks Samuel Smith (1780)…married Peggy Hutchinson Jesse Smith (1780)…married Mary Seago Mary Smith…never married. No date available. War of the Regulation http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_of_the_Regulation Jump to: navigation, search The War of the Regulation (or the Regulator Movement) was a North Carolina uprising, lasting from approximately 1764 to 1771, where citizens took up arms against corrupt colonial officials. While unsuccessful, some historians consider it a catalyst to the American Revolutionary War. Contents 1 Causes 2 Regulators 3 Opposition 4 Events 4.1 Breaking up the court 4.2 War 5 Aftermath 6 Further reading 7 See also 8 References Causes In 1764, several thousand people from North Carolina, mainly from Orange, Anson, and Granville counties in the western region, were extremely dissatisfied with the wealthy North Carolina officials, whom they considered cruel, arbitrary, tyrannical and corrupt. Taxes were collected by local sheriffs supported by the courts; the sheriffs and courts had sole control over their local regions. Many of the officers were deemed to be very greedy and often would band together with other local officials for their own personal gain. The entire system depended on the integrity of local officials, many of whom engaged in extortion; taxes collected often enriched the tax collectors directly. At times, sheriffs would intentionally remove records of their tax collection in order to further tax citizens. The system was endorsed by the colonial governor, who feared losing the support of the various county officials. The effort to eliminate this system of government became known as the Regulator uprising, War of the Regulation, or the Regulator War. The most heavily affected areas were said to be that of Rowan, Anson, Orange, Granville, and Cumberland counties. It was a struggle between mostly lower class citizens, who made up the majority of the population of North Carolina, and the wealthy ruling class, who comprised about 5% of the population, yet maintained almost total control of the government. The primary aim of the Regulators was to form an honest government and reduce taxation. The wealthy businessmen/politicians that ruled North Carolina at this point, saw this as a grave threat to their power. Ultimately they brought in militia to crush the rebellion, and then hung their leaders. It is estimated that out of the 8,000 people living in Orange County at the time, some six or seven thousand of them were in support of the Regulators. Although the "War of the Regulators" is considered by some to be one of the first acts of the American Revolutionary War, it was waged against corrupt local officials and not against the king or crown. In reality, many anti-Regulators went on to become Patriots during the American Revolution, such as William Hooper, James Robertson, and Francis Nash, and many other Regulators became Loyalists. Regulators Herman Husband became one of the unofficial leaders of the Regulators. Husband was originally from Maryland, born into a Quaker family. One of the major flaws in Husband's campaign was that he tried to invite good relations with the eastern regions of North Carolina, mostly unaffected by local sheriffs. Husband retained very little control over the group of Regulators, which generally went against his policies of winning over public sentiment by committing acts of minor violence at regular intervals. Another leader of the Regulators was James Hunter. He refused to take control of the Regulators after Husband's departure before the Battle of Alamance. Captain Benjamin Merrill had about 300 men under his control and would have assumed control over military leadership after James Hunter, but he was unable to serve in the Battle of Alamance. Opposition Governor Arthur Dobbs, who authored popular works at the time such as "Trade and Improvement of H'elend" and "Captain Middleton's Defense," served as the Royal Governor of North Carolina until his death in 1765. Governor William Tryon assumed the position following the death of Governor Dobbs. Tryon had an extremely lavish home built in 1770 in New Bern (now known as Tryon Palace), which became one of the main points of resentment for the Regulators, who were already paying substantial taxes. William (The Regulator) Butler was quoted as saying "We are determined not to pay the Tax for the next three years, for the Edifice or Governor's House, nor will we pay for it." Governor Josiah Martin succeeded Governor Tryon in office just after the end of the rebellion. His policies eased the burden on former Regulators and allowed them to be assimilated back into society. Edmund Fanning was the main opposition to the Regulators. He graduated from Yale University, and he was generally regarded by his friends as well disciplined and firm. He held many political offices in Orange County. He was found guilty of embezzling money (along with Francis Nash) but was fined a minuscule amount. EventsBreaking up the court North Carolina's colonial court met in Hillsborough. In 1768, the Regulators entered Hillsborough, broke up the court, and dragged those they saw as corrupt officials through the streets.[1] They cracked the church bell of the Church of England, but stopped short of looting the church further due to their religious beliefs.[1] War While small acts of violence had been taking place for some time, mainly out of resentment, the first organized conflict was in Mecklenburg County in 1765. Settlers in the region, who were there illegally, forced away surveyors of the region assigned with designating land. Minor clashes followed for the next several years in almost every western county, but the only true battle of the war was the Battle of Alamance on May 16, 1771. The governor and his forces which numbered just over 1,000, with roughly 150 officers, arrived at Hillsborough on May 9. At the same time, General Hugh Waddell, supporting Governor Tryon, en route with his contingent of 236 men was met by a large contingent of Regulators. Realizing his force was outnumbered, he fell back to Salisbury. On May 11, having received word of the retreat from a messenger, Tryon sent the force to support General Waddell. He intentionally chose a path that would lead his forces through Regulator territory. He made strict mention that nothing was to be looted or damaged. By May 14, his troops had reached Alamance and set up a camp. Leaving about 70 men behind to guard the position, he moved the remainder of his force, slightly under 1,000 men, to find the Regulators. About 10 miles (16 km) away, a force of approximately 2,000 Regulators (by some accounts, 6,000)[1] without any clear leadership or supplies was gathered mainly as a display of force, and not a standing army. The general Regulator strategy was to scare the governor with a show of superior numbers in order to force the governor to give in to their demands. The first clash of the battle was on May 15 when a rogue band of Regulators had captured two of the governor's militia soldiers. Governor Tryon had informed the Regulators that they were displaying open arms and rebellion and that action was to be taken if they did not disperse. The Regulators did not understand the severity of the crisis they were in and ignored the warning. Despite hesitation from his own forces, Governor Tryon allegedly initiated the main battle of Alamance on May 16 by shooting Robert Thompson, who was the first death of the battle. The Regulators resistance crumbled somewhat quickly. Captain Merrill, a Regulator, was supposed to arrive on the battlefield but was delayed. The battle was over with nine deaths for the governor's forces and about the same for the Regulators. Virtually everyone captured in the battle was fully pardoned in exchange for an allegiance to the crown; however, seven Regulators were executed for their part in the uprising. Aftermath Following the battle, Tryon's militia army traveled through Regulator territory where he had Regulators and Regulator sympathizers sign loyalty oaths and destroyed the properties of the most active Regulators. He also raised taxes to pay for his militia's defeat of the Regulators.[1] Several trials were held after the war, resulting in the hanging of six Regulators at Hillsborough on June 19, 1771. Many of the main leaders remained in hiding until 1772, when they were no longer considered outlaws. Many Regulators moved further west into places such as Tennessee, notably establishing both the Watauga Association at Sycamore Shoals (1772) in present day Elizabethton, Tennessee, the first independent white republic on American soil, and the State of Franklin (1784), another short-lived republic that failed to join the Union of the United States. The Regulators are important characters in Jimmy Carter's historical novel The Hornet's Nest (2003). Further reading Gross, David (ed.) We Won’t Pay!: A Tax Resistance Reader ISBN 1434898253 pp. 77-79 Hamilton, Jon Jay. Herman Husband: Penman of the Regulation. Graduate thesis. Wake Forest University, 1969. Kars, Marjoleine. Breaking Loose Together: The Regulator Rebellion in Pre-Revolutionary North Carolina. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002. Kay, Marvin L. M. "The North Carolina Regulation, 1766-1776: A Class Conflict." In The American Revolution: Explorations in the History of American Radicalism, edited by Alfred F. Young. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1976. Kay, Marvin L. M., and Lorin Lee Cary. "Class, Mobility, and Conflict in North Carolina on the Eve of the Revolution." In The Southern Experience in the American Revolution, edited by Jeffrey J. Crow and Larry E. Tise. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1978. Powell, William S., James K. Huhta, and Thomas J. Farnham (eds). The Regulators in North Carolina: A Documentary History. Raleigh: State Dept. of Archives and History, 1971. Walker, James Loy. The Regulator Movement: Sectional Controversy in North Carolina, 1765-1771. Graduate thesis. Louisiana State University, 1962. Whittenburg, James Penn. Backwoods Revolutionaries: Social Context and Constitutional Theories of the North Carolina Regulators, 1765-1771. Graduate thesis. University of Georgia, 1974. Zinn, Howard "A People's History Of The United States: 1492-Present" Harper-Perennial, 2003.

  
  

• Sources

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