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John Custis, II

Male 1629 - 1696  (67 years)


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Generation: 1

  1. 1.  John Custis, II was born in 1629 in , , Netherlands; died on 29 Jan 1696 in Hungars Plantation, Northampton, Virginia, USA; was buried in Eastville, Northampton, Virginia, USA.

    Notes:

    John was born in 1629 at Rotterdam, Holland. He arrived in Virginia in 1651/2 and in the early 1670's built Arlington Mansion on the south shore of Old Plantation Creek in Northampton County.

    In 1676 during Bacon's Rebellion, Virginia's royal governor William Berkeley fled from the capital at Jamestown, taking refuge temporarily with John Custis II. Thus, for a short while Arlington was the capital of the Virginia Colony.

    He married Tabitha Scarburgh, daughter of Col. Edmund Scarburgh (II) and Mary Cade, after 1675.

    He made a will on 18 March 1691 at Northampton Co, VA. John died on 29 Jan 1696. John's will was probated on 10 Feb 1695/96 at Northampton Co, VA.

    1. Ralph T Whitelaw, Virginia's Eastern Shore (A History of Northampton and Accomack Counties), p. 971 (A83 - Deep Creek Plantation.

    2. James R Revell Sr, Descendants of Randall Revell of the Eastern Shore, Custis Family Lineage Appendix.

    3. Virginia M Meyer & John Frederick Dorman, Adventurers of Purse and Person, Virginia, 1607-1624/5.

    4. Cynthia McDaniel, to M K Miles.

    5. Inc. Arlington Foundation, Custis Genealogy Chart.

    6. James Handley Marshall, Northampton Co, VA, Abstracts of Wills & Administrations, 1632-1802, p 151 (will of John Custis, Esq, wife Tabitha).

    Major General John Custis (Jr)
    John Custis II (Jr) was the founder of the Custis family of Virginia (i.e., progenator of Martha Washington's 1st husband Daniel Custus and Robert E Lee, among others). He was raised in Rotterdam, in the Netherlands, and moved to Virginia's Eastern Shore in 1649/50. Custis became wealthy through land speculation, tobacco planting, and facilitating trade between Virginia, the Netherlands and its colonies (i.e., New Amsterdam/York). Early in the 1670s Custis built a mansion in Northhampton County and named it Arlington; the house was the namesake of Arlington House, the nineteenth-century home of the Washington and Custis families. During Bacon's Rebellion (1676–1677), John Custis II supported Governor Sir William Berkeley, resulting in his appointment in 1677 to the Virginia Royal Governor's Council. John retired his post in 1692 and died in 1696.

    John Custis II may have been born in Rotterdam, in the Netherlands, about 1629. He was the son of Johanna Wittingham Custis and Henry Custis, a native of Gloucestershire, England who operated a Rotterdam victualling house, or tavern which served as the hub of the city's English expatriate community. Custis's father was a member of an extended family that was engaged in international commerce, and it is possible that as a young man Custis worked in one of the family's commercial houses. About 1649/50 John II moved to the Eastern Shore of Virginia, where his sister Ann (Custis) Yeardley already lived with her husband Argall Yeardley, the son of Virginia's then Royal Governor, Sir Geore Yeardley. John was a prominent planter and became a member of the governor's Council. Several other members of the Custis family also lived on the Eastern Shores of Virginia and Maryland, including another John Custis, who was probably an uncle or cousin, causing troubles of being misidentified as the father of the immigrant founder of the Custis family of Virginia.

    Rise to Power and Military Career

    With his family's trading connections and his brother-in-law's help, John Custis II grew wealthy. By 1664, he had accumulated more than 1,000 acres of land, and gained an additional 10,000 acres during the next quarter century. The Custis workforce of servants and slaves soon grew into one of the largest on the Eastern Shore. His commercial activities centered on New Amsterdam, a logical trading destination for a man with his background. He assembled cargoes of tobacco for shipment to the Dutch colony and acted as the Virginia agent for merchants from New Netherland and Rotterdam, as well as New England. Custis's facility in the Dutch language enhanced his value as an intermediary in international commerce. In 1663, when Peter Stuyvesant, Governor of New Netherland, corresponded with the Royal Governor of Virginia on an important admiralty matter, Virginia officials relied on Custis to translate the documents.

    Sometime before January 15, 1652, John Custis married a widow, Elizabeth (Robinson) Eyer (or Eyre). She died when their only son, John Custis III (1654–1714), was still an infant. This son would also serve on the Virginia Governor's Council.

    About 1656 John Custis II/Jr married the thrice-widowed Alicia Travellor Burdett Walker (whose maiden name is unknown). In about 1679, he married the twice-(thrice?) widowed Tabitha Scarburgh Smart Browne Hill(?), a daughter of Edmund Scarburgh (d. 1671). Tabitha's father, Edmund Scarborgh was one of the Eastern Shore's leading planters and a former Speaker of the House of Burgesses. Custis and his second and third wives had no children who grew to adulthood.

    Early in the 1670s John Custis II/Jr built a three-story brick mansion on the south bank of Old Plantation Creek, in southwestern Northampton County. He named the house Arlington, probably after the Custis family's ancestral village in Gloucestershire. With a foundation measuring fifty-four feet by forty-three-and-a-half feet, the imposing double-pile structure was perhaps the finest mansion erected in the seventeenth-century Chesapeake, rivaled only by Governor Sir William Berkeley's home Green Spring near Jamestown. Early in the nineteenth century, the name of the mansion inspired Custis's descendant George Washington Parke Custis, to give the same name to his estate outside Washington, D.C.

    Custis's lordly surroundings and imperious manner, which involved him in several disputes with his neighbors, earned him the sobriquet "King Custis". As his wealth grew, so did his political power. During the 1650s, before he became a legal denizen of the colony, he held such offices as surveyor and appraiser of estates. Although nominated for sheriff in 1655, Custis did not receive the appointment because of his foreign birth. The assembly removed that obstacle to political advancement in 1658 by passing a law naturalizing him and his brother William Custis. Following, in 1659, John Custis II became the county sheriff, and the following year the governor appointed him to the Northampton County Court. Except for another term as sheriff in 1665 and 1666, he remained a justice of the peace until 1677.

    Custis became a Captain in the Northampton County militia in 1664. He was commissioned a Colonel in 1673, and ended his career in 1692 as Commander in Chief of all forces on the Eastern Shore. During Bacon's Rebellion in 1676, he was a Major General in Governor Sir William Berkeley's army. When Governor Berkeley fled Jamestown and took refuge on the Eastern Shore, he made Custis's Arlington his temporary headquarters. Custis's loyalty to the government won plaudits from two of the commissioners King Charles subsequently sent to investigate the rebellion. Sir John Berry praised Custis's courage and generous offer to lend the Crown £1,000 sterling to provision the king's ships, and Francis Moryson once addressed him as "Honest Jack."

    Later Years

    Custis probably won election to the House of Burgesses in the spring of 1676 when the rebellion broke out, but the sparse surviving records of the assembly session that met in June of that year do not include his name. He was present at the next session, which met at Green Spring in February 1677, after the conclusion of the rebellion. On an unrecorded date before July 5 of that year, the Virginia Lieutenant Governor appointed Custis to the Council. As a councillor he often sat as an additional member of the Accomack and Northampton County Courts. Rumors that Custis was dead or dying resulted in the Privy Council omitting his name from the list of Council members when Francis Howard, i.e., baron Howard of Effingham, was appointed governor in October 1683. Custis petitioned the Crown for reinstatement in 1685 and continued to serve until "Extreame violent Sicknesses," "Extreame fitts," and "the faileing of his Memory and hearing" forced him to retire on April 15, 1692.

    Custis achieved dynastic as well as financial and political success. He established a family that remained prominent in Virginia for two centuries. When he prepared his will in 1691, he provided handsomely for his grandson John Custis IV (1678–1749), who later became the third man of that name to serve on the governor's Council. Custis died, almost certainly at Arlington in Northampton County, on January 29, 1696, and was buried near his mansion.

    Arlington Plantation, John Custis II (1629-1696)
    Along the south shore of the Old Plantation Creek inlet where it converges with the Chesapeake Bay close to what is now the quaint little town of Cape Charles, Arlington Plantation was founded on the Eastern Shore of Virginia. This special site is one of the most historic properties in our nation, yet its significance is little known. For many centuries this area was inhabited by native American Indians, until occupation by English settlers of this site and the area up to the Kings Creek inlet three miles north, Sir Thomas Dale established the first permanent settlement of English colonists on the Eastern Shore in 1617 known as Dale’s Gift. Here, half a century later, a plantation was founded by John Custis II, whose prosperity was demonstrated by the construction of the most magnificent mansion on the whole of the Chesapeake Bay. Apparently he named the plantation in honor of his family’s benefactor, Lord Arlington, although the name was possibly derived from the English village Arlington-Bibury, home to the first generation of the Custis family. More than three hundred fifty years after Arlington mansion first rose high above the waters of Old Plantation Creek, the name itself still lives on, engrained in the minds of all Americans as the land upon which thousands of American soldiers rest eternally, Arlington National Cemetary.

    National recognition of the Custis name began when, in 1759, the widow of John Custis IV’s son Daniel, Martha Dandridge Custis and the heir to Arlington Plantation, married army Colonel George Washington when he was only twenty-six years old. As was the custom of the times, on his way to becoming the father of our country, Washington managed the affairs of his wife’s property here on the Eastern Shore. And in the paradoxical twists and turns of history, Martha’s great-granddaughter, Mary A. R. Custis to whom both Arlington estates passed, married another young Army officer, who would become, like George Washington, an icon of the American story. It is indeed ironic that Robert E. Lee would take reluctant command of the Confederacy’s Army of Northern Virginia which strived to split the nation that was hardwon by his wife’s legendary ancestor, its first President. And so the prestigeous Custis family, which founded Arlington Plantation on the Eastern Shore and Arlington Plantation on the Potomac River, links George Washington, the Revolutionary War and the founding of our nation with Robert E. Lee, the Civil War and the near destruction of the nation.

    The name of the Custis family ancestral plantation, Arlington, lives on today in the American consciousness despite the destruction of its mansion more than two-hundred fifty years ago. In the early part of the nineteenth century, Martha’s grandson George Washington Parke Custis, who was adopted by General Washington and his wife as their son, built a mansion near Mt. Vernon overlooking the Potomac River. He called it ”Arlington” after the first Custis home on the Eastern Shore of Virginia and the vast lands surrounding his mansion became the National Cometary after the Civil War. The Arlington mansion on the Eastern Shore was abandoned sometime during the early part of the 18th century. Its ruins were pilaged and what was left eventually became buried in the farm fields surrounding its site, the only evidence of its grandeur that remained were the prominent tombs of John Custis II and his grandson, John Custis IV.

    During the spring of 1987, an archeological survey of the Arlington plantation site near the Custis Tombs revealed sections of a brick foundation for a very large structure that was covered by a foot of soil plowed over a hundred years of farming activity. During 1994, an intensive archeological investigation of the cellars of the mansion was conducted. Eye witness accounts of the mansion dating from 1709 offer brief glimpses of its size, elevations and orientation to the Chesapeake Bay. As well, the beautifully preserved historic records in Northampton County courthouse provide additional sources of information about Arlington. A 1688 reference about a visit to the house in a lawsuit filed that year, is one of the first mentions of a separate dining room in an early Colonial home in Virginia. This annecdote substantiates the archaeological findings at Arlington which determined the house to be the most architecturally sophisticated house of that period, at least fifty years ahead of its time.

    Such a large home, built of brick masonry, required laborers and materials and facilities for making the bricks. It is believed that the kilns for firing the newly made bricks are located 3/8 mile south of the ruins on a 15 acre tract of land that contains a modern two bedroom home and barn with horse stable. Behind the home, hidden in the forest and covered with the detritus of fallen leaves, vines and dirt are piles of old and crumbling bricks. That site is at the head of a shallow tidal pond that probably provided the water necessary for mixing the brick clay.

    Arlington Plantation on the Eastern Shore, John Custis II
    Posted 30 Jan 2023 by John Moore
    An enigmatic sign along U.S. 13 near Kiptopeke says "Custis Tombs" and points to the west. After 25 years of wondering about it, curiosity finally won out. I turned onto Arlington Road.

    A short distance later, Arlington made a sharp left, and I stayed straight onto Custis Tomb Drive, although not without some misgiving. It appears to be a driveway straight to a large yellow house, but the road, in fact, curves right around behind the house and keeps going for a few miles.

    In 1891 a writer for The New York Times drove down this way to see the Custis Tombs.

    What was written then still holds true, and I quote: "It does not seem possible that a hundred years ago this was a great plantation with a commerce of its own, but gradually the sites upon which large buildings rested are pointed out, although no sign of them is seen."

    Today there is an unpaved parking lot outlined with tar-spattered poles laying on their sides, and a lot of grass. So much grass that it lay like hay on the path that had been mowed through the field to allow access to... a slightly greener patch of grass.

    At this spot along Old Plantation Creek was "the most architecturally sophisticated house of the time," according to an archaeological report about the site, written for the owner, Preservation Virginia. The foundation lines of Arlington, a three-story house built circa 1670, stood out pale green against the hay, and upright poles marked the corners.

    Some interpretive signs described the now-vanished house, which was built by John Custis II. A member of the Governor's Council, Custis offered refuge to Gov. William Berkeley, who was driven from the colonial capital of Williamsburg in 1676 by Bacon's Rebellion.

    Supported by other Eastern Shore residents, Berkeley fought back and captured the rebel fleet that had come after him and resumed power.

    "The clash at Arlington proved to be the decisive turning point of the rebellion," the archaeologists wrote.

    When John Custis II died, the house went to his grandson, John Custis IV. The house was described by contemporaries as having "a handsome garden and fine orchard" as well as two cellars with plastered walls, brick floors and vaulted ceilings, along with at least three chimneys, three levels and garrets.

    Arlington prospered until John IV moved to Williamsburg sometime between 1714 and 1721. The house dwindled away until now all that remains is a few bricks and some interpretive signs.

    A box with a sign reading "Please Take One" was empty, so the meaning of small numbered posts around the site remained elusive.

    If you're thinking that you've heard the names Custis and Arlington before, you have. John Custis IV was Martha Custis Washington's first father-in-law. After her first husband's death, she married George Washington.

    Martha's grandson built a fine house on the outskirts of Washington, D.C., which he named Arlington House after the Eastern Shore site. Today, it is the site of Arlington National Cemetery.

    The family plot on the edge of Old Plantation Creek is much smaller. Surrounded by a brick wall and shaded by trees, it contains two tombs.

    The smaller one belongs to John Custis II. The larger one belongs to John Custis IV, and on one side is inscribed, "Aged 71 years and yet liv'd but seven years which was the space of time he kept a bachelors house at Arlington on the Eastern Shore of Virginia."

    Family/Spouse: Elizabeth Custis. Elizabeth was born in 1637 in Plemonstall, Cheshire, England; died in 1656 in , Accomack, Virginia, USA; was buried in Eastville, Northampton, Virginia, USA. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 2. Col John Custis III  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1653 in Hungars Plantation, Northampton, Virginia, USA; died on 26 Jan 1714 in Wilsonia, Northampton, Virginia, USA; was buried in Eastville, Northampton, Virginia, USA.


Generation: 2

  1. 2.  Col John Custis III Descendancy chart to this point (1.John1) was born in 1653 in Hungars Plantation, Northampton, Virginia, USA; died on 26 Jan 1714 in Wilsonia, Northampton, Virginia, USA; was buried in Eastville, Northampton, Virginia, USA.

    Family/Spouse: Margaret Michael. Margaret was born in 1658 in , Accomack, Virginia, USA; died on 29 March 1697 in , Northampton, Virginia, USA; was buried in Cashville, Accomack, Virginia, USA. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 3. John Custis, IV  Descendancy chart to this point was born in Aug 1678 in Arlington, Northampton, Virginia, USA; died on 14 Nov 1749 in Williamsburg, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA; was buried in Eastville, Northampton, Virginia, USA.


Generation: 3

  1. 3.  John Custis, IV Descendancy chart to this point (2.Col2, 1.John1) was born in Aug 1678 in Arlington, Northampton, Virginia, USA; died on 14 Nov 1749 in Williamsburg, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA; was buried in Eastville, Northampton, Virginia, USA.

    Notes:

    John Custis (August 1678–after 14 November 1749) was a member of the Governor's Council in the British colony of Virginia. Often he is designated as John Custis IV or John Custis, of Williamsburg, to distinguish him from his grandfather, father, and other relatives of the same name. The son of John Custis (ca. 1654–1714) (usually designated John Custis III or John Custis, of Wilsonia), who was also a Council member, and Margaret Michael Custis, Custis was born in Northampton County, Virginia. On 4 May 1706 he married Frances Parke, the elder daughter and heiress of Daniel Parke, governor of the Leeward Islands.

    Custis had moved to Williamsburg, Virginia by 1717. There he created a magnificent 4-acre (16,000 m2) garden and corresponded with many celebrated horticulturists and naturalists, including John Bartram, Mark Catesby, and Peter Collinson. Custis served on the governor's Council from 1727 until increasingly ill health forced him to request to be suspended in August 1749. In 1744, John Custis took the extraordinary step of petitioning the Governor and Council to set a slave child free. The petition stated the boy was "Christened John but commonly called Jack, born of the body of his Negro wench, Alice."[1]

    He died soon after completing his will on 14 November 1749. At his request, he was buried on the Eastern Shore of Virginia at the Arlington plantation. In his will Custis instructed his son, on pain of being cut off with only one shilling, to place on his marble tomb the wording that Custis had "Yet lived but Seven years which was the Space of time he kept a Batchelors [sic] House at Arlington on the Eastern Shoar [sic] of Virginia. This Inscription put on this Stone by his own positive Orders."

    His only surviving son, Daniel Parke Custis, was the first husband of Martha Washington.

    References

    Will in Prerogative Court of Canterbury Registered Wills, Searle 287, Principal Probate Registry, London, England.
    Kneebone, John T., et al., eds. Dictionary of Virginia Biography (Richmond: Library of Virginia, 1998- ), 3:636-639. ISBN 0-88490-206-4.
    Zuppan, Jo. "John Custis of Williamsburg, 1678-1749," Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 90 (1982): 177-197.
    Custis, John (2005) Zuppan, Josephine Little ed. The letterbook of John Custis IV of Williamsburg, 1717-1742 Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. ISBN 094561280X, 9780945612803 http://books.google.com/books?id=EkKUjMmxVS0C&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_atb#v=onepage&q&f=false
    ^ Wiencek, Henry (2004). 'An Imperfect God: George Washington, His Slaves, and the Creation of America', p. 73. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. ISBN 0374529515

    "John Custis’s marriage was famously miserable."
    In an apocryphal story, he once drove a carriage bearing him and his wife Frances Parke right into the Chesapeake Bay. The following exchange is said to have taken place:

    “Where are you going, Mr. Custis?” Frances asked, with the water swirling around them.

    “To hell, madam.” Came the reply.

    “Drive on,” said Frances, “any place is better than Arlington.”

    Source: Wiencek, Henry. An Imperfect God: George Washington, His Slaves, and the Creation of America. Farrar, New York, NY: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2003, pg. 72.

    Family/Spouse: Frances Custis. Frances was born in 1687 in Williamsburg, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA; died on 14 Mar 1714 in Williamsburg, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA; was buried in Williamsburg, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 4. Henry Custis  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1706 in , Northampton, Virginia, USA; died in 1751 in , Accomack, Virginia, USA.
    2. 5. Robinson Custis  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1708 in , Accomack, Virginia, USA; died in 1764 in , Accomack, Virginia, USA.
    3. 6. Simon Custis  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1708 in , Northampton, Virginia, USA; died in 1709 in Arlington, Northampton, Virginia, USA.
    4. 7. Adam Custis  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1710 in , Northampton, Virginia, USA.
    5. 8. Custis Custis  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1711 in Arlington, Northampton, Virginia, USA; died in 1712 in Arlington, Northampton, Virginia, USA.
    6. 9. Daniel Parke Custis  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 15 Oct 1711 in Queens Creek, James City, Virginia, USA; died on 8 Jul 1757 in , New Kent, Virginia, USA; was buried in Williamsburg, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA.
    7. 10. Frances (Fanny) Custis II  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1713 in Arlington Plantation, Northampton, Virginia, USA; died in 1739 in Arlington Plantation, Northampton, Virginia, USA.
    8. 11. Elizabeth Custis  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 27 Aug 1718 in Deep Creek, Accomack, Virginia, USA; died on 28 Jul 1769 in Craddock, Accomack, Virginia, USA.
    9. 12. Ann Custis  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 24 Aug 1725 in MT Custis, Accomack, Virginia, USA; died on 3 Aug 1790 in Craddock, Accomack, Virginia, USA.
    10. 13. Leah Custis  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1731 in Matomkin, Accomack, Virginia, USA; died on 24 Apr 1792 in Warwick, Upshur's Neck, Accomack, Virginia, USA.
    11. 14. Black Jack Custis  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1733 in Williamsburg, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA; died in 1751 in Williamsburg, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA.


Generation: 4

  1. 4.  Henry Custis Descendancy chart to this point (3.John3, 2.Col2, 1.John1) was born in 1706 in , Northampton, Virginia, USA; died in 1751 in , Accomack, Virginia, USA.

  2. 5.  Robinson Custis Descendancy chart to this point (3.John3, 2.Col2, 1.John1) was born in 1708 in , Accomack, Virginia, USA; died in 1764 in , Accomack, Virginia, USA.

  3. 6.  Simon Custis Descendancy chart to this point (3.John3, 2.Col2, 1.John1) was born in 1708 in , Northampton, Virginia, USA; died in 1709 in Arlington, Northampton, Virginia, USA.

  4. 7.  Adam Custis Descendancy chart to this point (3.John3, 2.Col2, 1.John1) was born in 1710 in , Northampton, Virginia, USA.

  5. 8.  Custis Custis Descendancy chart to this point (3.John3, 2.Col2, 1.John1) was born in 1711 in Arlington, Northampton, Virginia, USA; died in 1712 in Arlington, Northampton, Virginia, USA.

  6. 9.  Daniel Parke Custis Descendancy chart to this point (3.John3, 2.Col2, 1.John1) was born on 15 Oct 1711 in Queens Creek, James City, Virginia, USA; died on 8 Jul 1757 in , New Kent, Virginia, USA; was buried in Williamsburg, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA.

    Daniel married Martha Dandridge in 1749. Martha (daughter of John Dandridge and Frances Orlando Jones) was born on 21 Jun 1731 in Chestnut Grove, New Kent, Virginia, USA; died on 22 May 1802 in Mount Vernon, Fairfax, Virginia, USA; was buried in Mount Vernon, Fairfax, Virginia, USA. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 15. Daniel Parke Custis, II  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 19 Nov 1751 in New Kent, New Kent, Virginia, USA; died on 19 Feb 1754 in Eltham, New Kent, Virginia, USA; was buried in Williamsburg, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA.
    2. 16. Frances Parke Custis  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 12 Apr 1753 in New Kent, New Kent, Virginia, USA; died on 1 Apr 1757 in Williamsburg, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA; was buried in Williamsburg, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA.
    3. 17. John Parke Custis  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 27 Nov 1754 in New Kent, New Kent, Virginia, USA; died on 5 Nov 1781 in Eltham, New Kent, Virginia, USA; was buried in Mount Vernon, Fairfax, Virginia, USA.
    4. 18. Martha Parke Custis  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1756 in New Kent, New Kent, Virginia, USA; died on 19 Jun 1773 in , , Virginia, USA; was buried in Mount Vernon, Fairfax, Virginia, USA.

  7. 10.  Frances (Fanny) Custis II Descendancy chart to this point (3.John3, 2.Col2, 1.John1) was born in 1713 in Arlington Plantation, Northampton, Virginia, USA; died in 1739 in Arlington Plantation, Northampton, Virginia, USA.

  8. 11.  Elizabeth Custis Descendancy chart to this point (3.John3, 2.Col2, 1.John1) was born on 27 Aug 1718 in Deep Creek, Accomack, Virginia, USA; died on 28 Jul 1769 in Craddock, Accomack, Virginia, USA.

  9. 12.  Ann Custis Descendancy chart to this point (3.John3, 2.Col2, 1.John1) was born on 24 Aug 1725 in MT Custis, Accomack, Virginia, USA; died on 3 Aug 1790 in Craddock, Accomack, Virginia, USA.

  10. 13.  Leah Custis Descendancy chart to this point (3.John3, 2.Col2, 1.John1) was born in 1731 in Matomkin, Accomack, Virginia, USA; died on 24 Apr 1792 in Warwick, Upshur's Neck, Accomack, Virginia, USA.

  11. 14.  Black Jack Custis Descendancy chart to this point (3.John3, 2.Col2, 1.John1) was born in 1733 in Williamsburg, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA; died in 1751 in Williamsburg, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA.


Generation: 5

  1. 15.  Daniel Parke Custis, II Descendancy chart to this point (9.Daniel4, 3.John3, 2.Col2, 1.John1) was born on 19 Nov 1751 in New Kent, New Kent, Virginia, USA; died on 19 Feb 1754 in Eltham, New Kent, Virginia, USA; was buried in Williamsburg, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA.

  2. 16.  Frances Parke Custis Descendancy chart to this point (9.Daniel4, 3.John3, 2.Col2, 1.John1) was born on 12 Apr 1753 in New Kent, New Kent, Virginia, USA; died on 1 Apr 1757 in Williamsburg, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA; was buried in Williamsburg, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA.

  3. 17.  John Parke Custis Descendancy chart to this point (9.Daniel4, 3.John3, 2.Col2, 1.John1) was born on 27 Nov 1754 in New Kent, New Kent, Virginia, USA; died on 5 Nov 1781 in Eltham, New Kent, Virginia, USA; was buried in Mount Vernon, Fairfax, Virginia, USA.

    Notes:

    Eltham
    Eltham was situated in New Kent County, Virginia. The property was owned by the Bassett family. Captain William Bassett was reportedly the first of the family to come to Virginia. He died in 1672 and was succeeded by his son, William Bassett, who died in 1673. This second William Bassett was a member of the Virginia Council. There was a third William Bassett, who inherited the place and was a member of the House of Burgesses. The son of the third Bassett, William Burwell, became owner of Eltham and also a Burgess.

    The mansion was said to have been built as early at the 1660's. It was constructed of brick. The house was considered by many architects to have been one of the finest examples of Georgian architecture in the South.

    The illustration of Eltham above was made from a drawing done by a member of the Bassett family. One description of the house reads, "There was a central portion of the house two-and-one-half stories high with dormer windows in the well-designed roof. Through passages on each side one reached the low wings to the house." Another description says, "The house presented an imposing front, one hundred and fifty feet from wing to wing; the entire building, with peaked roof and gable front, rising above them like the keep of a castle. Over the red English bricks of its walls, time and clinging tribes of lichens had thrown a soft tinting of purple and gray, while a stately avenue of Lombardy poplars led away from the mossy stone steps of the entrance, adding grandeur to the picturesqueness of the place. Many times during the siege of York were the leading spirits of the Revolution gathered at Eltham (which was not far from Yorktown) as guests of Colonel Burwell Bassett, who was a brother-in-law of General Washington and of Governor Harrison, having married the sister of Mrs. Washington [Anna Maria Dandridge; they married on May 2, 1757]."

    One reason that there is interest in Eltham is that General and Mrs. Washington often visited the Bassets at Eltham, and Burwell Basset was one of the agents who had charge of Washington's business affairs while he was in command of the army during the American Revolution. In one of his letters to Bassett, written from Cambridge, Massachusetts, in February 1776, he says: "I thank you heartily for the attention you have kindly paid to my landed affairs on the Ohio; my interest in which I shall be more than ever careful of, as in the worst event they may serve for an asylum." This letter was owned by Herbert A. Claiborne of Richmond.

    Another visitor of note was Andrew Burnaby, who wrote, "May 26, 1760. Having procured three horses, for myself, servant, and baggage, I departed from Williamsburg, and travelled that night to Eltham; twenty-five miles. . . . May 27. I ferried over Pamunky river . . . . " Burnaby wrote Travels Through North America, a popular book which went through three editions in the 1700's.

    The Bassetts intermarried with many prominent Virginia families, including the Dandridges, the Lewises, the Claibornes, the Burwells and others. John Parke Custis, son of Martha Washington (and stepson of George Washington), died at Eltham, the home of his uncle. Martha and George adopted his two children. According to George Washington Parke Custis (John Parke Custis' biological son and George and Martha's adopted son), John Parke Custis "sickened while on duty as extra aide to the commander-in-chief in the trenches before Yorktown. Aware that his disease (the camp-fever), would be mortal, the sufferer had yet one last lingering wish to be gratified, and he would die content. It was to behold the surrender of the sword of Cornwallis. He was supported to the ground, and witnessed the admired spectacle, and was then removed to Eltham, a distance of thirty miles from camp."

    The house burned in the 1870's, but the massive foundations could still be seen in the early 1900's.

    The information in this article was compiled from information in Frances Archer Christian and Susanne Massie, editors, Homes and Gardens in Old Virginia, Garrett and Massie, Incorporated, Richmond, VA, 1931; Robert A. Lancaster, Jr., Historic Virginia Homes and Churches, J.B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1915; Ella B. Washington, "The Harrisons in History," The Magazine of American History, 1889; Recollections and Private Memoirs of Washington, By His Adopted Son, George Washingto Parke Custis, with A Memoir of the Author, by His Daughter; and Illustrative and Explanatory Notes, by Benson J. Lossing, Derby & Jackson, New York, 1860.

    John married Eleanor Calvert on 3 Feb 1774 in Mount Airy Plantation, Prince Georges, Maryland, USA. Eleanor (daughter of Benedict Swinegate Calvert and Elizabeth Butler Calvert) was born on 3 Feb 1754 in Mount Airy Plantation, Prince Georges, Maryland, USA; died on 28 Sep 1811 in Croom, Prince Georges, Maryland, USA; was buried in Croom, Prince Georges, Maryland, USA. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 19. Elizabeth "Betsey" Parke Custis  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 21 Aug 1776 in Mount Airy Plantation, Prince Georges, Maryland, USA; died on 1 Jan 1832 in Abington, Fairfax, Virginia, USA.
    2. 20. Martha Patsy Parke Custis  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 31 Dec 1777 in Mount Airy Plantation, Prince Georges, Maryland, USA; died on 13 Jul 1854 in Tudor Place, Georgetown, District of Columbia, USA.
    3. 21. Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 21 Mar 1779 in Mount Airy Plantation, Prince Georges, Maryland, USA; died on 15 Jul 1852 in Audley, Clarke, Virginia, USA.
    4. 22. George Washington Parke Custis  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 30 Apr 1781 in Mount Airy Plantation, Prince Georges, Maryland, USA; died on 10 Oct 1857 in Arlington, Fairfax, Virginia, USA; was buried in Arlington, Arlington, Virginia, USA.

  4. 18.  Martha Parke Custis Descendancy chart to this point (9.Daniel4, 3.John3, 2.Col2, 1.John1) was born in 1756 in New Kent, New Kent, Virginia, USA; died on 19 Jun 1773 in , , Virginia, USA; was buried in Mount Vernon, Fairfax, Virginia, USA.


Generation: 6

  1. 19.  Elizabeth "Betsey" Parke Custis Descendancy chart to this point (17.John5, 9.Daniel4, 3.John3, 2.Col2, 1.John1) was born on 21 Aug 1776 in Mount Airy Plantation, Prince Georges, Maryland, USA; died on 1 Jan 1832 in Abington, Fairfax, Virginia, USA.

  2. 20.  Martha Patsy Parke Custis Descendancy chart to this point (17.John5, 9.Daniel4, 3.John3, 2.Col2, 1.John1) was born on 31 Dec 1777 in Mount Airy Plantation, Prince Georges, Maryland, USA; died on 13 Jul 1854 in Tudor Place, Georgetown, District of Columbia, USA.

  3. 21.  Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis Descendancy chart to this point (17.John5, 9.Daniel4, 3.John3, 2.Col2, 1.John1) was born on 21 Mar 1779 in Mount Airy Plantation, Prince Georges, Maryland, USA; died on 15 Jul 1852 in Audley, Clarke, Virginia, USA.

  4. 22.  George Washington Parke Custis Descendancy chart to this point (17.John5, 9.Daniel4, 3.John3, 2.Col2, 1.John1) was born on 30 Apr 1781 in Mount Airy Plantation, Prince Georges, Maryland, USA; died on 10 Oct 1857 in Arlington, Fairfax, Virginia, USA; was buried in Arlington, Arlington, Virginia, USA.

    Other Events and Attributes:

    • Residence: 1840, Alexandria, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA
    • Residence: 1850, Alexandria, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA

    Notes:

    Born at Mount Airy, Maryland, to John Parke Custis and Eleanor Calvert Custis. He was the grandson of Martha Washington by her first marriage to Daniel Parke Custis. After his natural father John Parke Custis died in 1781, he and his sister Eleanor were unofficially adopted by General and Mrs. Washington and raised at Mt. Vernon. Known by the childhood nickname Tub, Custis became very attached to his step-grandfather, George Washington. Under Washington’s counsel he pursued studies at St. John's College and Princeton. Upon Washington’s death he devoted himself to literary and agricultural pursuits. In 1799 Custis was commissioned as a colonel in the Army and aide-de-camp to General Charles Pickney. Custis also volunteered in the defense of Washington, D.C. during the the War of 1812. In 1802, he began the construction of Arlington House on land he had inherited from his natural father. He married Mary Lee Fitzhugh in 1804, and they had four children, but only one, Mary Anna Randolph Custis, survived. His income derived from his inherited estates though he was a generally a poor manager and his properties were not very profitable. He devoted most of his time to painting, playwriting, music, oratory, and promoting the improvement of American agriculture. None of his endeavors were marked by great or lasting success. Regarding himself as the heir to the Washington tradition, Custis collected and displayed a large number of Mt. Vernon relics at Arlington House. He began writing a series of 'Recollections of Washington' in the ‘U.S. Gazette’ in 1826, and they were published in book form in 1860. His first play, ‘The Indian Prophecy’, was performed in the Chestnut Street Theater, Philadelphia, in 1830. He also wrote: ‘The Railroad’ and ‘Pocahontas’ in 1830; ‘North Point of Baltimore Defended’ in 1833; and ‘Eighth of January’ in 1834. Custis gave his daughter away at her wedding to Lt. Robert E. Lee, Sr. at Arlington House in 1831. Custis increasingly relied on his son-in-law, to handle his tangled business affairs. Until his death, Custis retained his rooms in the north wing of Arlington House which had also become home to his daughter’s family. He died there after a short illness in October 1857.

    George married Mary Lee Fitzhugh on 7 Jul 1804 in Alexandria, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA. Mary (daughter of William Debnam Fitzhugh and Mary Anne Bolling Randolph) was born on 22 Apr 1788 in Arlington, Arlington, Virginia, USA; died on 23 Apr 1853 in Arlington, Arlington, Virginia, USA; was buried in Arlington, Arlington, Virginia, USA. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 23. Maria Carter Syphax  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1804 in , Arlington, Virginia, USA; died in 1886 in Arlington, Arlington, Virginia, USA; was buried in Suitland, Prince Georges, Maryland, USA.
    2. 24. Mary Ann Randolph Custis  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 1 Oct 1808 in Arlington, Arlington, Virginia, USA; died on 5 Nov 1873 in Alexandria, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA; was buried in Lexington, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA.


Generation: 7

  1. 23.  Maria Carter Syphax Descendancy chart to this point (22.George6, 17.John5, 9.Daniel4, 3.John3, 2.Col2, 1.John1) was born in 1804 in , Arlington, Virginia, USA; died in 1886 in Arlington, Arlington, Virginia, USA; was buried in Suitland, Prince Georges, Maryland, USA.

  2. 24.  Mary Ann Randolph Custis Descendancy chart to this point (22.George6, 17.John5, 9.Daniel4, 3.John3, 2.Col2, 1.John1) was born on 1 Oct 1808 in Arlington, Arlington, Virginia, USA; died on 5 Nov 1873 in Alexandria, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA; was buried in Lexington, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA.

    Other Events and Attributes:

    • Married: 30 Jun 1831, Arlington, Middlesex, Massachusetts, USA

    Mary married Robert Edward Lee on 30 Jun 1831 in Arlington House, Arlington, Virginia, USA. Robert (son of Henry Lee, III and Anne Hill Carter) was born on 19 Jan 1807 in Stratford, Westmoreland, Virginia, USA; died on 12 Oct 1870 in Lexington, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA; was buried in Lexington, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 25. George Washington Custis Lee  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 16 Sep 1832 in Fort Monroe, Hampton, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA; died on 18 Feb 1913 in Annandale, Fairfax, Virginia, USA.
    2. 26. Mary Custis Lee  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 12 Jul 1835 in Arlington, Arlington, Virginia, USA; died on 22 Nov 1918 in Hot Springs, Bath, Virginia, USA.
    3. 27. Major General, POW William Henry Fitzhugh Lee, Sr  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 31 May 1837 in Arlington, Arlington, Virginia, USA; died on 15 Oct 1891 in Ravensworth, Fairfax, Virginia, USA.
    4. 28. Anne Carter Lee  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 18 Jun 1839 in Arlington, Arlington, Virginia, USA; died on 20 Oct 1862 in Warrenton, Warren, North Carolina, USA.
    5. 29. Eleanor Agnes Lee  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 27 Feb 1841 in Arlington, Arlington, Virginia, USA; died on 15 Oct 1873 in Lexington, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA.
    6. 30. Captain Robert Edward Lee, Jr  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 27 Oct 1843 in Arlington, Arlington, Virginia, USA; died on 19 Oct 1914 in Upperville, Fauquier, Virginia, USA.
    7. 31. Mildred Childe Lee  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 10 Feb 1845 in Arlington, Arlington, Virginia, USA; died on 27 Mar 1905 in New Orleans, Orleans Parish, Louisiana, USA.


Generation: 8

  1. 25.  George Washington Custis Lee Descendancy chart to this point (24.Mary7, 22.George6, 17.John5, 9.Daniel4, 3.John3, 2.Col2, 1.John1) was born on 16 Sep 1832 in Fort Monroe, Hampton, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA; died on 18 Feb 1913 in Annandale, Fairfax, Virginia, USA.

  2. 26.  Mary Custis Lee Descendancy chart to this point (24.Mary7, 22.George6, 17.John5, 9.Daniel4, 3.John3, 2.Col2, 1.John1) was born on 12 Jul 1835 in Arlington, Arlington, Virginia, USA; died on 22 Nov 1918 in Hot Springs, Bath, Virginia, USA.

  3. 27.  Major General, POW William Henry Fitzhugh Lee, Sr Descendancy chart to this point (24.Mary7, 22.George6, 17.John5, 9.Daniel4, 3.John3, 2.Col2, 1.John1) was born on 31 May 1837 in Arlington, Arlington, Virginia, USA; died on 15 Oct 1891 in Ravensworth, Fairfax, Virginia, USA.

  4. 28.  Anne Carter Lee Descendancy chart to this point (24.Mary7, 22.George6, 17.John5, 9.Daniel4, 3.John3, 2.Col2, 1.John1) was born on 18 Jun 1839 in Arlington, Arlington, Virginia, USA; died on 20 Oct 1862 in Warrenton, Warren, North Carolina, USA.

  5. 29.  Eleanor Agnes Lee Descendancy chart to this point (24.Mary7, 22.George6, 17.John5, 9.Daniel4, 3.John3, 2.Col2, 1.John1) was born on 27 Feb 1841 in Arlington, Arlington, Virginia, USA; died on 15 Oct 1873 in Lexington, Independent Cities, Virginia, USA.

  6. 30.  Captain Robert Edward Lee, Jr Descendancy chart to this point (24.Mary7, 22.George6, 17.John5, 9.Daniel4, 3.John3, 2.Col2, 1.John1) was born on 27 Oct 1843 in Arlington, Arlington, Virginia, USA; died on 19 Oct 1914 in Upperville, Fauquier, Virginia, USA.

  7. 31.  Mildred Childe Lee Descendancy chart to this point (24.Mary7, 22.George6, 17.John5, 9.Daniel4, 3.John3, 2.Col2, 1.John1) was born on 10 Feb 1845 in Arlington, Arlington, Virginia, USA; died on 27 Mar 1905 in New Orleans, Orleans Parish, Louisiana, USA.