Foulques IV "Rechin" Count Of Anjou

Foulques married Bertrade De Montfort in 1089 in , , , France, and was divorced. Bertrade (daughter of Simon I Of Montfort and Agnaes D' Evreux) was born about 1059 in Montfort-l'Amaury, Île-de-France, France; died on 14 Feb 1117 in Fontevrault-l'Abbaye, Maine-et-Loire, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Fulk is said to have invented pointy-toed shoes to hide his gouty feet.

Source: RoyaList

Foulques married Ermengarde (Ermentrude) Du Maine on 11 Jul 1110 in , , , France. Ermengarde was born about 1096 in Maine, France; died in 1126 in Maine, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Geoffrey was knighted by King Henry I on 10 June 1128, in Rouen.

Geoffrey's habit of wearing a sprig of broom plant (planta genesta) inhis hat is the origin of the name "Plantagenet."

Source: RoyaList

Geoffrey married Matilda (Maud) Empress Of Germany on 22 May 1127 in Le Mans, Sarthe, France. Matilda (daughter of Henry I King of England and Matilda "Atheling" Princess Of Scotland) was born on 7 Feb 1102 in London, London, England; died on 10 Sep 1169 in Notre Dame, Rouen, Normandy, France; was buried in Bec Abbey, Le Bec-Hellouin, Eure, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

MILITARY: Battles and Wars> Invaded Ireland intent on conquest, 1171; by Christmas 1171, Waterford, Wexford, Limerick, and Cork were in his hands and all the Irish princes, except the King of Connaught, gave him hostages and promised tribute.

HONORS: Knighted, 1149.
TITLES: Succeeded 1st cousin one time removed Stephen, King of England, in 1154 as King of England, crowned 19 Dec 1154, reigned 25 Oct 1154-1189.
TITLES: Became Duke of Normandy et of Maine, and Count of Anjou by inheritance from his mother and father.
TITLES: In right of his wife, Duke of Aquitaine.

PROBATE: Died testate.

King Henry was styled as, "Rex Angliae, Dux Normaniae et Aquitaniae et Comes Andigaviae". This appears to be the first official use of the title, "King of England", rather than "King of the English", although modern historians give the title to all sovereigns from William the Conqueror.

Crowned by Theobald, Archbishop of Canterbury.
Henry supported a petition to Rome to make Edward the Confessor a saint. Edward was canonized in 1161, and on 13 October 1163, Henry was present at a ceremony in Westminster Abbey at which Archbishop Thomas Becket elevated Edward's remains. Henry was known for his excellent memory, as well as for his occasional fits of bad temper, which involved rolling on the floor and biting furniture. It was said that Henry could speak every language used in Europe, from France to the Holy Land--but he probably could not speak English. Henry was very interested in learning. Peter of Blois said, "With the King of England, it is school every day; there is always conversation with learned men and discussion of learned problems". Traditionally, Henry's dying words are supposed to have been, "Shame, shame on a conquered king", referring to his sons' insurrections.

Name: King Henry II
Born: March 5, 1133 at Le Mans, France
Parents: Geoffrey, Count of Anjou, and Empress Matilda
Relation to Elizabeth II: 22nd great-grandfather
House of: Angevin
Ascended to the throne: October 25, 1154 aged 21 years
Crowned: December 19, 1154 at Westminster Abbey
Married: Eleanor of Aquitaine, Daughter of William X, Duke of Aquitaine
Children: Five sons including Richard I and John, three daughters and several illegitimate children
Died: July 6, 1189 at Chinon Castle, Anjou, aged 56 years, 4 months, and 1 day
Buried at: Fontevraud, France
Reigned for: 34 years, 8 months, and 11 days
Succeeded by: his son Richard

King of England 1154-89. The son of Matilda and Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou, he succeeded King Stephen (c. 1097-1154). He curbed the power of the barons, but his attempt to bring the church courts under control was abandoned after the murder of Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury, in 1170. The English conquest of Ireland began during Henry's reign. On several occasions his sons rebelled, notably 1173-74. Henry was succeeded by his son Richard (I) the Lionheart.

Henry was lord of Scotland, Ireland, and Wales, and Count of Anjou, Brittany, Poitou, Normandy, Maine, and Gascony. He claimed Aquitaine through marriage to the heiress Eleanor in 1152. Henry's many French possessions caused him to live for more than half his reign outside England. This made it essential for him to establish a judicial and administrative system which would work during his absence. His chancellor and friend, Becket, was persuaded to become archbishop of Canterbury in 1162 in the hope that he would help the king curb the power of the ecclesiastical courts. However, once consecrated, Becket felt bound to defend church privileges, and he was murdered in Canterbury Cathedral 1170 by four knights of the king's household.

In 1171 Henry invaded Ireland and received homage from the King of Leinster. In 1174 his three sons Henry, Richard and Geoffrey led an unsuccessful rebellion against their father.

Quotes:
Here I am, not a traitor of the king, but a priest of God. Why do you want me?' - Thomas Becket addressing his murderers, 29 December 1170

Timeline for King Henry II
Year Event
1154 Henry II accedes to the throne at the age of 21 upon the death of his second cousin, Stephen.
1154 Pope Adrian IV (born Nicholas Breakspear) becomes the first English Pope 1154-1159.
1155 Henry appoints Thomas a Becket as Chancellor of England, a post that he holds for seven years.
1155 Pope Adrian IV issues the papal bull Laudabiliter, which gives Henry dispensation to invade Ireland and bring the Irish Church under the control of the Church of Rome.
1162 On the death of Archbishop Theobald, Henry appoints Thomas a Becket as Archbishop of Canterbury in the hope that he will help introduce Church reforms.
1164 Henry introduces the Constitutions of Clarendon, which place limitations on the Church's jurisdiction over crimes committed by the clergy. The Pope refuses to approve the Constitutions, so Thomas Becket refuses to sign them.
1166 The Assize of Clarendon establishes trial by jury for the first time.
1166 Dermot McMurrough, King of Leinster in Ireland, appeals to Henry to help him oppose a confederation of other Irish kings. In response to the appeal, Henry sends a force led by Richard de Clare, Earl of Pembroke, thereby beginning the English settlement of Ireland.
1168 English scholars expelled from Paris settle in Oxford, where they found a university.1170Pope Alexander III threatens England with an interdict and forces Henry to a formal reconciliation with Becket. However, the two of them quarrel again when Becket publishes papal letters voiding Henry's Constitutions of Clarendon.
1170 Becket is killed in Canterbury Cathedral on 29 December by four of Henry's knights.
1171 Henry invades Ireland and receives homage from the King of Leinster and the other kings. Henry is accepted as Lord of Ireland.
1171 At Cashel Henry makes Irish clergy submit to the authority of Rome.
1173 Canonization of Thomas Becket.
1173 Eleanor of Aquitaine and her sons revolt unsuccessfully against her husband Henry II.
1174 Henry's sons Henry, Richard, and Geoffrey lead an unsuccessful rebellion against their father.
1176 Henry creates a framework of justice creating judges and dividing England into six counties.
1185 Lincoln cathedral is destroyed by an earthquake.
1189 Henry dies at Chinon castle, Anjou, France

Family/Spouse: Ida de Tosny. Ida (daughter of Ralph V de Conches de Toeni, baron of Flamstead and Margaret of Leicester) was born in 1156; died in 1226. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Henry married Eleonore Princess Of Aquitaine on 11 May 1152 in Bordeaux, Gironde, Aquitaine, France. Eleonore (daughter of Guillaume X Duke Of Aquitaine and Elbeanor De Chatellerault) was born in 1121 in Chcateau DE Belin, Bordeaux, Aquitaine, France; died on 31 Mar 1204 in Poitiers, Aquitaine, France; was buried in Abbaye DE Fontevrault, Fontevrault, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]